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Paul Palaiologos Tagaris
Paul Palaiologos Tagaris ((ギリシア語:Παῦλος Παλαιολόγος Τάγαρις), ca. 1320/40 – after 1394) was a Byzantine Greek monk and impostor. A scion of the Tagaris family, Paul also claimed a connection with the imperial Palaiologos dynasty. He fled his marriage as a teenager and became a monk, but soon his fraudulent practices embroiled him in scandal. Fleeing Constantinople, he travelled widely, from Palestine to Persia and Georgia and eventually, via Ukraine and Hungary to Italy, Latin Greece, Cyprus and France. During his long and tumultuous career he was appointed an Orthodox bishop, sold ordinations to ecclesiastical offices, pretended to be the Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem, switched from Greek Orthodoxy to Roman Catholicism and back again, supported both the See of Rome and the Avignon anti-popes in the Western Schism, and finally managed to be named Latin Patriarch of Constantinople. In the end, his deceptions unmasked, he returned to Constantinople, where he repented and confessed his sins before a synod in 1394.
== Early life and family ==
The main source on Paul's life is the document of his confession before the patriarchal synod in Constantinople in 1394, complemented by an account of his visit to Paris, written by a monk of the Abbey of Saint-Denis.
Paul Tagaris was apparently a scion the Tagaris family, a lineage which first appears in the 14th century. His father is unnamed, but is described by Paul as a valiant and famous soldier, so that he is possibly identifiable either with the ''megas stratopedarches'' Manuel Tagaris, or with the latter's son, George Tagaris. Tagaris himself also claimed to be related to the ruling imperial dynasty of the Palaiologoi and adopted the surname for himself. Manuel Tagaris was indeed married to Theodora Asenina Palaiologina, a niece of Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos, but even if Paul was Manuel's son, Theodora was, according to the Byzantinist Donald Nicol, "almost certainly not the mother of Paul".
Tagaris was probably born in the 1320s, or at the latest around the year 1340. His parents arranged his marriage at the age of 14, but soon he abandoned his wife and went to become a monk in Palestine. After a while he returned to Constantinople, where, in the words of Alice-Mary Talbot, "his greed led him into scandal and corruption": he claimed that an icon in his possession had miraculous properties, and made money out of gullible believers. This affair scandalized his family, but Patriarch Kallistos I declined to take action against him. It was not until the patriarch went to a visit to Serbia in 1363 that his ''locum tenens'', the hieromonk Dorotheos, confiscated the icon and forced Paul to return to Palestine.
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